Metabolism of Galacturonic Acid

Galacturonic acid is a monomer of pectin, which is found in many agricultural wastes, such as beet pulp and citrus peel, and is often used as animal feed or gel. In the human body, galacturonic acid is both a nutrient and a signaling molecule that can guide the delicate microbiota-pathogen relationship in the gastrointestinal tract. It has been shown to regulate the toxicity and intestinal localization of pathogens such as enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli and Citrobacter rodentium.

Fig.1 Chemical structures of different pectin. (Richard & Hilditch, 2009)

Many prokaryotes and eukaryotes catabolize galacturonic acid. In Escherichia coli, galacturonic acid is converted to pyruvate and D-aldehyde-3-phosphate by the isomerase pathway. In Agrobacterium tumefaciens, it is converted to 2-keto-glutarate through the oxidative pathway. Galacturonic acid is also metabolized through the eukaryotic pathway, and yeast and molds grow on it as the sole carbon source.

Galacturonic Acid Analysis Service at CD BioGlyco

Galacturonic acid is catabolized into useful products in many microorganisms and even plants. It is of great significance to study galacturonic acid metabolism. CD BioGlyco has advanced equipment and professional personnel, and we will provide clients with cost-effective galacturonic acid metabolism analysis services.

Fig.2 Flowchart of galacturonic acid analysis. (CD BioGlyco)

• Sample collection and pretreatment: CD BioGlyco accepts samples from bacteria, fungi, plants, or other species and performs corresponding pretreatment on them, including crushing, weighing, extraction, and purification.
• Preparation of standard substance: A certain amount of galacturonic acid is accurately weighed and dissolved in sterile water, configured into a working solution with known concentration, and then prepared into standard solutions of different concentrations by gradient dilution.
• Sample detection: Galacturonic acid is a polar small molecule. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) will be applied at CD BioGlyco for sample separation and detection.
• Data collection and analysis: Galacturonic acid in samples is qualitatively analyzed according to retention time and quantitatively analyzed according to peak area.
• Analysis report: According to the above data analysis results, CD BioGlyco delivers a detailed analysis report. We implement quality control throughout the process to ensure that our clients receive reliable reports about galacturonic acid analysis.

Applications

• Metabolism analysis of galacturonic acid in microbial samples
• Metabolism analysis of galacturonic acid in plant samples
• Study on the metabolic pathway of galacturonic acid
• Research on fungal and bacterial fermentation

Highlights

• Standard, reliable, repeatable analysis process
• Strict quality control of the whole process
• Samples from all sources are accepted
• Professional analysis report
• Perfect supporting facilities

CD BioGlyco also provides other Monosaccharide Metabolism Analysis Services, as well as Disaccharide, Oligosaccharide, and Polysaccharide Metabolism Analysis Services. Please feel free to contact us when you need timely customized Solutions. We look forward to being with you.

Reference:

1. Richard, P.; Hilditch, S. D-Galacturonic acid catabolism in microorganisms and its biotechnological relevance. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2009, 82: 597-604.