Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most prevalent vicious tumors in the world. However, CRC patients often are found at advanced stages and cause the costliest health problems. Patients in advanced stages especially with metastatic lesions could have a poor prognosis, and the 5-year survival rate of CRC patients is only 13%. Therefore, it is important to find and distinguish new diagnostic indicators for the early detection and treatment of CRC. Tumor cell growth and proliferation are promoted by the changing of energy metabolism, which has been heralded as an emerging cancer hallmark. Therefore, glycolysis-related genes have been a potential target for cancer therapy, and many associated molecules participate in the regulation of glucose metabolism in CRC cells.
Fig.1 Important PTM types and related pathways in colorectal cancer. (Zhu, et al., 2022)
We analyze glycolysis-related genes by bioinformatics analysis to confirm a new biomarker for CRC patients, which is helpful for the early screening of patients clinically.
| Glycogenes | Function |
| Adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) | Inhibits cell growth. |
| Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) | Induces cell invasion, and metastasis. |
| B-Raf | Induces cell proliferation. |
| Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) | Induces cell proliferation. |
| Tumor protein p53 (TP53) | Inhibits cell cycle. |
| SMAD family member 4 (SMAD4) | Inhibits tumor metastasis, prognosis, and overall survival. |
| Enolase (ENO) | Anticancer effect. |
| Glypican 1 (GPC1) | Overexpressed in multiple tumors. |
| P4HA1 prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1) | Promote tumor progression and metastasis. |
| Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) | Regulates malignant tumor progression. |
| Sperm-associated antigen 4 (SPAG4) | Promotes survival of cancer cells under hypoxic. |
| ITIH2 inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 2 (ITIH2) | Potential role as an anti-invasive protein. |
| Collagen Type I Alpha 2 Chain (COL1A2) | Over-expressed in CRC tissues. |
| TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) | Over-expressed in CRC tissues. |
| Aurora kinase A (AURKA) | Promote proliferation, survival, and growth of xenograft tumors. |
Fig.2 Glycogene discovery methods in colorectal adenocarcinoma. (CD BioGlyco)
As a world-leading provider of Glycogenomics services, CD BioGlyco provides our clients with professional Cancer Glycogene Discovery Services and the expertise needed to solve a wide range of problems. We hope to be your right-hand man in your research. If you need the services, please feel free to contact us for more details.
Reference
