Microbial Glycan Microarray Assay
Microbial glycan microarray assay is a high-throughput screening frequently used in glycobiology. CD BioGlyco provides advanced microarray technology platform and customizable services, and we have confidence to be your essential research assistant in the field of glycobiology.
Background
The interaction between glycan binding protein and their carbohydrate ligand is the basis of all life. Over the past decade or so, printed glycan arrays have helped elucidate the role of glycans in many biological processes, especially those of mammalian origin. Genomics methods also provide unprecedented insights into microbiology. However, the immune interaction between the hosts and various microbial groups remains elusive and difficult to study. Microbial microarray is the new method that can be used to explore this interaction. One of the main advantages of the microarray format is the inherent miniaturization of the method, which allows for sensitive and high-throughput analysis with very few samples. On the surface of a single microorganism, glycosyl determinants have been considered a key structure for host immune factor recognition. They usually represent unique antigenic determinants used to define specific strains. Therefore, the detection of host factors of various microbial glycans not only can identify interactions with individual microorganisms, but also provide key insights into the structure of these interactions.
Fig.1 Lectins interact with microbial glycans with high affinity. (Wu, et al., 2021)
Unlocking Secrets of Microbial Interactions: Microbial Glycan Microarray
Glycobiology microarrays are composed of neatly arranged carbohydrate molecules, usually fixed on a solid surface, and are used to study glycan interactions. For many years, CD BioGlyco has been committed to the research field of glycobiology to help clients solve the difficulties and problems encountered in glycan research. We have established an advanced Glycobiology Microarray Platform to screen the interactions of glycans with proteins, antibodies, or other biomolecules in a high-throughput manner. Our glycobiology microarray services include, but are not limited to:
Microbial microarrays are a novel approach for exploring immune interactions between the host and various microbial populations. One of the major advantages of the microarray format is the inherent miniaturization, which allows for sensitive and high-throughput analysis with very little sample. On the surface of individual microorganisms, glycosyl determinants are considered key structures recognized by host immune factors. They often represent unique antigenic determinants that define specific strains. Therefore, probing host factors for various microbial glycans not only identifies interactions with individual microorganisms but also provides key insights into the structure of these interactions. CD BioGlyco immobilizes various glycan libraries from microorganisms or associated with microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi, etc.) on microarrays in a systematic and miniaturized format to study the interactions of microbial glycans with biomolecules.
- Microbial Glycan Preparation
We select more than 300 representative microbial glycans, extract and purify them from microorganisms, and characterize the purity and structure of the glycans using techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The species origins of these glycans are listed in the table.
| No. | Species | No. | Species |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Escherichia coli | 13 | Neisseria meningitidis |
| 2 | Francisella novicida | 14 | Shigella boydii |
| 3 | Francisella tularensis | 15 | Shigella dysenteriae |
| 4 | Klebsiella | 16 | Salmonella enteritidis |
| 5 | Providencia alcalifaciens | 17 | Salmonella enterica |
| 6 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 18 | Shigella flexneri |
| 7 | Proteus mirabilis | 19 | Serratia marcescens |
| 8 | Proteus myxofaciens | 20 | Salmonella typhosa |
| 9 | Providencia stuartii | 21 | Salmonella typhimurium |
| 10 | Proteus penneri | 22 | Streptococcus pneumoniae |
| 11 | Proteus vulgaris | 23 | Yersinia pestis |
| 12 | Providencia rustigianii | 24 | Yersinia pseudotuberculosis |
- Microarray Printing
We print the prepared microbial glycans onto the surface of the glass slide using advanced technology, placing hundreds of different glycans in an organized grid pattern. Each spot on the array represents a known glycan structure.
- Microarray Scanning
We incubate printed microbial glycan arrays with biological samples (such as proteins, antibodies, serum, cells, vectors, etc.) containing target molecules to help researchers explore the binding specificity of microbial glycans (such as lipopolysaccharides) to molecules. We typically use fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies against the target molecules to detect glycan binding. Advanced imaging systems are then used to capture the fluorescent signal corresponding to each glycan spot, providing quantifiable data on binding affinity and specificity. We quickly obtain high-throughput, reliable glycan binding information with only a small amount of sample.
- Data Analysis
We analyze the binding data using specialized software to generate interaction profiles and deliver scanned images and processed data, along with the analysis results.
Workflow
Applications
Host-Pathogen Interaction Mechanism Analysis
Identify specific glycan structures recognized by host cell surface receptors, understand the mechanisms of pathogen adhesion, colonization, and invasion, and provide references for the development of new therapies and preventive vaccines.
Vaccine Development and Immune Response Profiling
Screen a large number of microbial glycans, identify glycan epitopes that trigger immune responses, and provide candidate glycan structures for carbohydrate vaccine development.
Microbial Strain Differentiation and Biomarker Discovery
Compare glycan binding spectra of different microbial strains or species, identify unique glycan structures, and develop biomarkers for disease detection.
Microbial Ecology and Gut Microbiome Studies
Analyze the glycan binding preferences of intestinal bacteria and other microbial communities, and study the role of glycans in microbial ecology, symbiosis, and dysbiosis.
Advantages of Us
High-Resolution Glycan Interaction Screening
We use highly robust and sensitive microarrays to help clients screen hundreds of microbial glycans for interactions with biomolecules simultaneously, providing high-resolution data and scanning images of glycan recognition.
Versatility Across Diverse Sample Types
Our glycan microarray detection services are suitable for a variety of sample types, such as glycan-binding proteins, antibodies, serum, and cells.
High-Throughput and Reliable Data
With an experienced team of experts and advanced equipment, we provide reliable and high-throughput data with only a small amount of sample, ensuring accurate and reproducible results.
Customizable Array Design and Screening
We also print custom arrays based on our clients' specific needs and run screening services to meet project needs.
Publication Data
Technology: Microbial glycan microarray
Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology
IF: 6.064
Published: 2021
Results: This study utilized mammalian and microbial oligosaccharide microarrays to analyze the binding specificity of galectin-3 (Gal-3). The analysis revealed that Gal-3 exhibits high binding specificity toward mammalian blood group antigens A, B, and αGal, and can also specifically bind to various microbial free oligosaccharides. In the absence of the N-terminal domain, the C-terminal domain of Gal-3 (Gal-3C) also exhibited a similar overall binding pattern. Still, its binding affinity for microbial free oligosaccharides was weaker than that of Gal-3. Additionally, assessments at different concentrations revealed that Gal-3C lacks antimicrobial activity. This study provides data support for research into the binding characteristics and antimicrobial activity of galactosidase.
Fig.2 Recognition of different microbial glycans by Gal-3 and Gal-3C. (Wu, et al., 2021)
Frequently Asked Questions
Customer Review
"The assay provided by CD BioGlyco was instrumental in confirming the specificity of our novel innate immune receptor against a panel of challenging, low-abundance bacterial O-antigens."
- D.P., Senior Research
"We were struggling to define the binding profile of a new anti-LPS therapeutic candidate. The speed and sensitivity of CD BioGlyco's service, coupled with their unique microbial glycan library, delivered the high-resolution specificity data we needed."
- T.C., Biotechnology Startup
"Our research required screening serum against dozens of fungal mannan structures to identify a new diagnostic biomarker for systemic infection. CD BioGlyco managed the complex sample matrix perfectly, and the data were clean, reproducible, and highly compelling."
- S.L., Immunology Lead
CD BioGlyco has quite a wealth of experimental experience in microbial glycan microarray analysis. Our advanced experimental equipment and well-trained research personnel provide guarantee for customers' experimental results.
Customers can contact our employees directly and we will respond promptly. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for more detailed information.
Associated Services
- Conjugation Strategy for Glycan Linking to Coat Protein pVIII
- Engineered M13 Bacteriophage Construction Service
- O-Xyl Pathway-based Glyco-engineered Cell Construction Service
- O-Gal Pathway-based Glyco-engineered Cell Construction Service
- O-GlcNAc Pathway-based Glyco-engineered Cell Construction Service
- Glycan Elongation/branching Pathway-based Glyco-engineered Cell Construction Service
- Glycan Capping Pathway-based Glyco-engineered Cell Construction Service
Reference
- Wu, S.C.; et al. Full-length galectin-3 is required for high affinity microbial interactions and antimicrobial activity. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021, 12: 731026. (Open Access)
