Characteristics of Sialylated Type N-glycans

Salivation is the addition of the ends of salivary acid groups to the ends of sugars and glycoproteins. Sialic acid has a variety of biological roles that promote protein and cellular recognition in preventive health and disease. The mammalian brain contains a relatively large number of common and uncommon sialylated N-glycan structures. These sialylated glycans exhibit a wide structural diversity, which gives them a wealth of biological functions in different processes, including development, somatic cell reprogramming, and cancer progression. Among the negatively charged sialylated N-glycans, they can interact with salivary acid-bound immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs). In addition, it has been shown by numerous studies that the attachment and expression levels of sialylated N-glycans produce significant changes during brain development.

Cell Surface Sialylated Type N-glycan Glycoengineering Service at CD BioGlyco

Sialylated N-glycans on the cell surface are structurally diverse, and functionally diverse, and have a critical role in mammalian growth processes. At CD BioGlyco, we will provide a comprehensive editing and analysis service on their production and the physiological functions they have.

• Firstly, we utilize the cell surface receptor glycan chain editing method and the substrate selectivity of various glycosidases and their mutants to selectively "add" and "delete" the salivating N-glycans on the cell surface to complete the structural editing of the cell surface N-glycans.
• Next, we use specific cell lines, incorporating sialylated N-glycans, to explore the effect of the precise glycan chain structure on functions such as signaling pathways.
• Next, we also provide analysis service of sialylated N-glycans.
  
  • N-glycans analysis and purification
    Anion exchange column + high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC): separation of neutral, mono-, di-, tri-, and tetra-sialylated N-glycans.The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min.
    Where neutral sialylated N-glycans could be collected in the non-adsorbed fraction. Different structures of sialylated N-glycans were detected at different absorption wavelengths.
  • N-glycans quantitative and qualitative analysis
    We offer HPLC chromatography to analyze sialylated N-glycans at various sites in animals and to detect glycan expression.
  • Molecular weight testing
    We provide matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI/TOF-MS) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) to test the molecular weight of N-glycans and the composition of monosaccharides.
  • Exoglycosidase digestion
    We offer a variety of enzymes for the digestion of sialylated N-glycans. The structure of the sialylated N-glycan is further determined based on the residues released in response to specific enzymes.

Fig.1 Cell surface sialylated N-glycans glycoengineering services. (CD BioGlyco)

Publication

• Paper Title: Determination of major sialylated N-glycans and identification of branched sialylated N-glycans that dynamically change their content during development in the mouse cerebral cortex.
• Technology: Analysis of sugar chains using HPLC
• Journal: Glycoconjugate Journal
• Published: 2014
• Results: Based on HPLC chromatography and enzymatic digestion, three types of glycan chains were found to exist among the sialylated N-glycans:
  First structure: α(2-3)-sialyl-linked N-glycans (Galβ(1-4)GlcNAc)
  Second structure: α(2-6)-sialyl-linked sialylated N-glycans
  Third structure: branched N-glycan with [Galβ(1-3){NeuAcα(2-6)}GlcNAc-] structure

Fig.2 Structural determination of N-glycans by exoglycosidase digestions. (Torii, et al., 2014)

Applications

• Salivated N-glycan glycoengineering services can be applied to the production of polysaccharides.
• Sialylated N-glycans can be used in research for the treatment of immune diseases.
• Sialylated N-glycans can be used in the development of drugs that inhibit leukocyte adhesion and inflammatory responses.

Advantages

• Our Glycoengineering Platform features a wide range of glycoengineering techniques and derivative services for all types of glycans.
• Our service team has expertise in glycobiology and provides custom research protocols for each client.
• With most of the N-glycans as our research targets, we develop comprehensive programs.

CD BioGlyco has constructed a complete glycoengineering platform to provide clients with comprehensive Glycoengineering Technology services. We have accumulated many years of experience in salivated N-glycans glycoengineering services, which can help our clients research N-glycans. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for more details without any hesitation.