At CD BioGlyco, we pay attention to every detail in Carbohydrate Separation, Purification and Analysis and strive for perfection in every process, evidenced by our many years of successful experience. We provide 1H,13C-heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy-total correlation spectroscopy (HSQC-TOCSY) for glycosphingolipid (GSL) structure analysis.
GSLs are associated with various diseases. The current research on the types and content changes of GSL in disease tissues found that the occurrence and development of diseases are often accompanied by the following two types of abnormalities of GSL: (1) The appearance of sugar chains missing in normal tissues. (2) Certain sugar chain structures are highly expressed in diseased tissues and constitute important disease-associated antigens. These abnormal expressions of glycolipids may be the inducing factors of some diseases, and may also be the abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism caused by certain diseases. The structure of GSL determines its functions. Therefore, it is necessary to develop structural analysis methods for GSL.
Fig.1 Overlay of 2D 1H, 13C HSQC-TOCSY spectrum (violet) and two (3, 2) D BIRDr,X-HSQC-TOCSY spectra (red and blue). (Brodaczewska, et al., 2018)
To determine the primary structure of the carbohydrate moiety of GSL, it is necessary to determine the composition and configuration of its sugar residues, as well as the sequence and linkage sites of the oligosaccharide chains. NMR spectroscopy is well suited to provide primary and secondary structures of GSL due to its rapid, quantitative, sensitive, and nondestructive characteristics.
Because of the unique advantages of NMR in analyzing the structure of GSL, CD BioGlyco provides a comprehensive analysis service of GSL structure based on NMR. Specifically, based on providing 1H,13C-HSQC analysis, we provide 1H,13C-HSQC-TOCSY for GSL structure analysis.
HSQC correlates two heteronuclear spins through their one-bond correlation. This method is extremely useful for carbohydrates, as it can be used to take advantage of the broad frequency range of carbon and the high sensitivity of proton NMR. Furthermore, similar to the distortionless enhancement by polarisation transfer (DEPT) experiment, HSQC can be edited to differentiate between CH/CH3 and CH2 groups.
Fig.2 Advantages of GSL structural analysis by 1H,13C-HSQC-TOCSY. (CD BioGlyco)
TOCSY or homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy (HOHAHA) correlates signals between homonuclear spins. This method is immensely useful for assigning the protons of each spin system, which often represents an entire monosaccharide. It shows correlations through several couplings, which can assist with discerning couplings in spectra with overlap. This works better for systems with strong couplings, which in pyranosides means large Hax-Hax couplings.
HSQC can be coupled with TOCSY, which is known as HSQC-TOCSY and can be of great use when assigning carbohydrate structures, as regular 1H homonuclear 2D experiments are prone to extensive overlap, especially in the bulk region.
CD BioGlyco has developed highly specialized platforms and systematic One-stop Solution for GSL Research. With our various advanced technology, we provide clients with strong support for 1H,13C-HSQC-TOCSY analysis. If you are interested in our services, please contact us for more details without any hesitation.
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