Significance of Sugar-based Ring Modification

Nucleosides and nucleotides are important biochemical molecules in living organisms, and they perform key biological functions in cells. The structural modification of them can be accomplished by modification of the bases, sugar groups, and phosphate groups. The pharmacological activity, stability, and selectivity are enhanced by introducing new functional groups or changing their structure. This modification can be achieved by a variety of chemical reactions, among which, hydroxyl protecting group reaction and phosphate esterification reaction are widely used for sugar-based ring modification. By introducing protective groups, the location, and selectivity of the reaction can be controlled to avoid nonspecific reactions from occurring. Sugar-based ring modification of nucleosides and nucleotides by these methods has provided us with a series of new molecular tools and drug candidates, expanding their applications in areas such as drug research, gene therapy, and chemical biology.

Fig.1 Schematic representation of structure modification by click reaction. (Le Droumaguet, et al., 2008)

Sugar-based Ring Modification Service at CD BioGlyco

CD BioGlyco offers clients Nucleoside & nucleotide Modification Service with a comprehensive. We offer a variety of Base-based, Sugar-based, and Phosphate-based nucleoside & nucleotide modification services, and phosphates. The specific sugar-based ring modification services we offer include:

• We modify their structure and activity by introducing functional groups, such as oxetanes and phosphate groups. For example, the introduction of an oxygen heterocycle (e.g., a deoxy-glycan ring) can change the flexibility and conformation of the sugar ring, thereby affecting the interactions and function of the sugar molecule.
• We perform the ring modification by using photochemical methods. First, a light-sensitive molecule with a protective group is bound to a target nucleoside or nucleotide, creating a locked state. Then, we activate the light-sensitive moiety by irradiating the sample with a specific wavelength of light, resulting in the detachment or alteration of the protective group. Functional groups on the sugar ring are thus released.
• We use click reactions to introduce different chemical groups and thus modify the ring. For example, we use a copper catalyst to introduce different functional groups to the ring by adding alkyne and azide to form triazole.

Fig.2 Classification of methods for sugar-based ring modification. (CD BioGlyco)

Applications

• The technique of nucleotide modification is essential in the synthesis of stabilized nucleic acid drugs.
• The technique of nucleotide modification can be used to modulate the affinity and selectivity of a drug by altering the nucleic acid sequence, introducing specific chemical modification groups, and so on.

Advantages of Us

• Our diverse modification methods provide us with more options and flexibility to design and optimize the performance of nucleotide drugs according to specific needs.
• We have advanced experimental platforms to support nucleotide modification services. The experimental platforms include highly efficient synthetic chemistry platforms, precise analytical instruments, and advanced laboratory equipment.
• We offer high-quality customization to meet the specific needs of our clients.

As a world-leading provider of Customized Carbohydrate Synthesis services, CD BioGlyco utilizes the professional Glyco™ Synthesis Platform to provide our clients with professional sugar-based ring modification services and the expertise needed to solve a wide range of problems. We hope to be your right-hand man in your research. If you need the modification services, please feel free to contact us for more details.

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